弥漫性轴索损伤

Diffuse axonal injury

弥漫性轴索损伤 (DAI)是头部旋转加速运动时产生剪应力致神经纤维断裂 ,出现特征性广泛性回缩球。 DAI占重型颅脑损伤 2 0 % ,占颅脑外伤病死率 2 9%～ 4 3%。临床症状与 DAI病理分级有关。治疗上以消除脑水肿、降低颅内压。

Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) refers to the break off of nervous fiber due to shearing stress of spin acceleration of head.The characteristic change in pathology is the axon swelling in a broad area.DAI accounts for 20% of intracranial injuries,but the mortality accounts for 29%～43% of all. The clinical symptoms are related to the pathological classification of DAI.The treatment is mainly arranged to eliminat the edema of brain,decrease the intracranial pressure and prevent the complications.