生物技术在海洋鱼类苗种培育中的应用:现状与前景

Application of biotechnology on larval rearing of marine fishes:current status and perspectives

围绕海洋鱼类苗种培育过程中饵料和病害这两个关键问题,就基因克隆、重组蛋白、DNA疫苗、抗菌肽和转基因技术等生物技术和产品在鱼类中的研究现状和前景进行讨论和分析,提出应针对鱼苗的营养需求和消化吸收的生理特点,有效利用基因工程产品;同时,要研究和采用新的病害控制技术,提高苗种成活率.苗种培育是海洋鱼类养殖业发展的基础,在苗种培育中加强生物技术的应用,将大力推动海洋鱼类养殖业的健康可持续发展.

Some of the biotechnologies and bio-products including molecular cloning,recombinant proteins,DNA vaccines,antimicrobial peptides as well as transgenic technology are described in regarding to the two major problems faced by larval rearing of marine fishes,i.e.lack of high quality diet and damage from viral and bacterial pathogen.Based on the demands of larval growth and the characteristics of gastrointestinal tract,it is cost effective to use bioactive peptides and proteins from bioengineering,which will facilitate the growth enhancement of larvae.DNA vaccines and antimicrobial peptides are now becoming the new approaches taken to combat virus and bacteria in order to improve the survival ratio of breeding fry.Larval rearing is the basis for developing marine fishery,to reinforce the application of biotechnology in fry breeding will undoubtedly push marine fishery towards healthy and sustainable development.