陕西交口抽渭灌区灌溉对土壤和地下水的影响研究

Influence of Irrigation on Groundwater and Soil at Jiaokou Irrigation District in Shaanxi

以陕西交口灌区为例,研究了铬、砷污染物在农田生态系统中的分布、污染现状,预测了灌溉对灌区土壤和地下水的影响,从而为灌区水土环境污染防治途径研究提供依据。研究结果表明:渭河水作为灌溉水源,对农业生产还没有产生污染;交口灌区的地下水中铬( )已有超标现象;从灌区土壤的测定结果看,铬、砷在灌区耕层已有累积趋势;灌区土壤中铬的总静环境容量远远大于砷;从灌区土壤铬、砷的现存容量看,当灌溉水中铬、砷含量不超出农灌水质标准的情况下,灌溉对灌区土壤中铬、砷的累积不会有影响。

Exampled by Jiaokou irrigation district in Shaanxi, the distribution of Cr and As in agroecosystem and present conditions of pollution were studied. The influences of irrigation on groundwater and soil were predicted. Above researches provided the basis for preventing water-soil environment from pollution at irrigation district. The results showed that the Wei river as to be irrigation water didn't produce pollution to agriculture production. The concentration of Cr(Ⅵ) in groundwater at some sampling place exceeded the standard of national drink water. From the measurement of soil that the contents of Cr and As in cultivated horizon had the trend of accumulation. The total static environment capacity of Cr was far larger than As's in soil. According to the existing environment capacities of Cr and As in soil, irrigation didn't influence the accumulation of Cr and As in soil of irrigation district on condition that concentrations of Cr and As didn't surpass the standard of irrigation water.