文蛤的性腺发育和生殖周期

Study on the gonad development and reproductive cycle of Meretrix meretrix Linnaeus

应用组织学方法对浙南池塘养殖的文蛤的性腺发育、生殖周期和肥满度进行了周年变化的研究。结果表明,文蛤的性腺发育具有典型双壳贝类特征,性腺发育过程可分为增殖期、生长期、成熟期、排放期、休止期5个时期,并对上述5期的宏观肉眼观察特征及微观切片观察特征进行了描述。浙南池塘养殖的文蛤性腺发育过程以1年为1个周期,成熟排放期在5月下旬至8月中旬,水温21.8～31.0℃,繁殖盛期为6月下旬至7月下旬,水温为25.0～30.0℃。月平均肥满度最高为6月份的8.84%,最低为1月份的3.21%。论文还讨论了1龄文蛤性腺发育、文蛤性腺成熟和排放与积温的关系。

The productive biology of hard clam (Meretrix meretrix Linnaeus) cultured in South Zhejiang was studied by means of histological section in this paper. The reproducitive cycle, fatness, gonad development, breeding season of M. meretrix cultured in south Zhejiang are described. The reproductive cycle of M. meretrix was divided into 5 stages: proliferation stage, growing stage, maturation stage, breeding stage and suspensive stage. The spawning season was from late May to mid-August (21.8-31.0℃),and the peak of spawning occurred from late June to late July when the temperature was about 25-30℃. The highest index of fatness on average was about 8.84% in June, and the lowest was about 3.21% in January. The sexsual maturity at 1 year old M. meretrix was found. The relationship of full maturation and spawning with accumulated temperature is discussed in this paper.