北太平洋柔鱼渔场浮游动物数量分布及与渔场的关系

Distribution of zooplankton in Ommastrephes batrami fishing ground of the North Pacific Ocean and its relationship with the fishing ground

根据2001年6-7月在北太平洋152°E～171°W、39°～42°N水域生态环境和资源综合调查资料,分析结果表明:调查水域浮游动物总生物量均值为92.12mg·m-3(0.81～1035.68mg·m-3),其中中部(160°～180°E、39°～42°N)及西经水域(170°～178°W、40°～41°N)为113.51mg·m-3,西部水域(152°～157°E、41°～43°N)为22.89mg·m-3;桡足类丰度居首(42.11%),其次为海樽类(30.91%);伪细真哲水蚤(Eucalanuspseudattenuatus)、太平洋哲水蚤(Calanuspacifica)和软拟海樽(Doliolettagegenbauri)为主要优势种。甲壳类的分布与柔鱼中心渔场存在较好的对应关系,中心渔场位于浮游动物总生物量高密集区(250～500mg·m-3)和甲壳类的最高丰度区(50～100ind·m-3)内或边缘区;头足类幼体分布于磷虾类和端足类的高丰度区(10～25ind·m-3)内或边缘水域。

The survey on ecological environment and squid resources was carried out in the fishing ground of Ommastrephes batrami in the North Pacific Ocean(152°E-171°W,39°-42°N) from June to August, 2001. The results showed that average biomass of zooplankton was 92.12mg·m^(-3) (0.81-1035.68 mg·m^(-3))in the all water area,113.51mg·m^(-3) in the middle water area (160°-180°E,39°-42°N)and west longitude water area (170°-178°W,40°-41°N) and 22.89mg·m^(-3) in the west water area (152°-157°E,41°-43°N); the zooplankton abundance was mainly composed of Copepoda(42.11%),followed by Thaliacea(30.91%); Eucalanus pseudattenuatus,Calanus pacifica and Dolioletta gegenbauri were main dominant species. Crustacean distribution also corresponded well with the fishing ground, the centre of which was just located in or near the high abundance area of crustacean (50-100 ind·m^(-3))and high biomass area of zooplankton (250-500mg·m^(-3)). The distribution of Cephalopoda larva is also in or near the high abundance area of Euphausiacea and Amphipoda.