云南18个民族Y染色体双等位基因单倍型频率的主成分分析

Principal Component Analysis of Y-chromosome Haplotype Distribution in 18 Ethnic Groups in Yunnan Province

世居云南的少数民族中 ,壮、傣、水、布依、布朗、德昂、佤、彝、白、怒、哈尼、傈僳、拉祜、纳西、景颇、阿昌、基诺和独龙 18个民族是由“羌”、“濮”、“越”3大部落群体演化而来 ,是云南的土著居民。利用PCR RFLP方法对这18个土著民族进行Y染色体上 13个双等位基因位点进行基因分型。结果显示 ,不同历史族源的民族群体在Y染色体双等位基因单倍型分布上具有一定的差异 :在百越后裔民族群体中以单倍型H11、H12为主要分布 ;在氐羌后裔民族中以单倍型H5、H6和H8为主要分布 ;在百濮后裔民族群体中主要单倍型分布为H6、H8和H11。进一步主成分分析表明 ,百越后裔民族群体和氐羌后裔民族在主成分图上聚为两组 ,提示父系基因库有不同的来源 。

Based on the historical records,18 of the 26 ethnic groups in Yunnan Province are the descendant populations of three ancient tribes,Bai-Yue,Bai-Pu and Di-Qiang,linguistically belonging to the Daic,Austro-Asiatic and Tibeto-Burman,respectively.In order to trace the origins of these native ethnic groups,a total of 13 East Asian specific Y-chromosome biallelic markers were used to study the genetic structure of 20 local populations covering all the 18 ethnic groups in Yunnan Province.Haplotypes were analysis by PCR-RFLP method.Our results showed that H11 and H12 were the predominant haplotypes in the descendant populations of Bai-Yue tribe.H5,H6 and H8 were the dominant haplotypes in Di-Qiang descendants,and the frequencies of H6,H8 and H11 were very high in the descendant populations of Bai-Pu.To investigate relationships among 20 populations,a three dimensional PC analysis were performed based on the distribution of the 13 haplotypes.All populations were divided into two clusters in the PC plot.The first cluster was mainly composed by the descendant populations of Bai-Yue,and the second one was mainly composed by the descendants of Di-Qiang tribe.This result indicated that Bai-Yue and Di-Qiang's paternal lineage had different origins,which was in agreement with the historical documents and linguistic classification.