中国画的形似与意象造型

Similarity in appearance and imagery shape of Chinese paintings

中国画是民族的绘画,是中国哲学美学思想滋养的结果。在形似上有鲜明的民族特色。在处理人和自然关系时,强调人为本体的宇宙一体化思想。从审美的创作的主体出发,与对象进行心物交流,主体投入客体,客体融入主体,对客观自然进行典型化的提炼和浓缩,使画家的主观情感和审美趣味相统一,达到物我两忘,相互契合之境界,表现在形似上就是"意"和"象"浑然一体的意象造型。始于宋元、流行于明、清的"文人画"使中国画意象造型得到更大的变化和发展,集中代表了中国画形似上的基本特征。

A Chinese painting is a national one.It's the result of the nourishment of our national philosophical and aesthetic ideology and has distinct national characters.In dealing with the relation between human and nature,it emphases on the thought of universal integration on the basis of human beings.It starts with aesthetic creaction as its subject and communicates with the opposite side between mind and body.Subject throws in object.Object is melt into subject.It refines and enriches objective nature typically,which makes painters achieve the unity of subjective feelings,and aesthetic interets to the extent that mind and body are both forgotten or agree with each other so as to display a unified imagery shape in the similarity of'meaning'and'symbol'.A literary painting,beginning in the Song and Yuan Dynasties,popular in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,makes imagery shape of the Chinese painting change and develop and fully reflects the basic characters of its imagery shape.