塔里木油田固定顶储罐油气损耗特点分析

Loss Analysis of Oil Products from the Fixed-Roof Oil Tanks in Tarim Oil Field

油品在储运过程中主要发生静止储存损耗(小呼吸损耗)和油品储运吞吐时的损耗(大呼吸损耗)。小呼吸损耗的影响因素包括储罐的纯蒸汽压力、储罐温度和环境温度等的变化以及储罐蒸汽量、体积大小和绝热层,大呼吸损耗主要与油品物性(饱和蒸汽压和年储运吞吐量)有关。由于塔里木地区地理环境特殊,昼夜温差比较大,因面小呼吸损耗是固定顶罐油品蒸发损耗的主要原因。为此,在塔里木油田对一个储油罐群进行了现场测试。针对塔里木油田固定顶储罐油品蒸发损耗的特点,提出了降低油气蒸发损耗的措施和技术方法。

In the process of storage and transport of oil products,oil product losses are mainly resulted from the holding storage(standing loss)and loading and unloading activities(breathing loss). The main factors for influencing standing loss include variations of true vapor pressure,storage temperatures and environmental temperature,as well as the vapor space in tank,configuration and size of tank, heat-insulation coating. The breathing vapor losses are related with the oil properties such as saturated vapor pressure and the annual traffic volume. The standing loss is the major cause for fixed-roof oil tanks due to the special geographical environment and great day-night temperature difference in Tarim area. The loss measurement data was obtained by conducting a site measurement at a tank battery in Tarim field. The characteristics of vapor loss from fixed-roof oil tanks were analyzed. Some solutions and technical methods to reduce the vapor losses from the fixed-roof oil tanks in Tarim oilfield are proposed.