小型水库集约化养鱼技术研究

TECHNIQUE OF INTENSIVE FISH CULTURE IN SMALL RESERVOIRS

江苏省瓦沟水库和石山头水库,面积为8.9和17.3hm^2,1984年起分别进行集约化养鱼试验。内容是改革我国传统的水库养鱼方式,设计多种混放密养的养殖模式,增加外源性饵料,改善水库饵料基础,加大鱼种放养规格,缩短饲养周期,实行库湾、池塘等多种培育鱼种形式,实现鱼种自给,开展网箱养鱼,设置网箱簖进行轮捕,饲养家禽家畜,种植青绿饲料,注重综合养鱼。试验结果每公顷鱼产量,瓦沟水库由试验前(1983年)每公顷195kg至1986年达4176kg;石山头水库由1984年的86kg至1989年增加至7822kg,公顷渔业利润为10140元。现这项技术已在江苏省51座小型水库中推广应用。

Experiments in intensive fish culture have been conducted in both Waguo Reservoir of 8.9hm^2 and Shishantou Reservoir of 17.3hm^2 in Jiangsu Province since 1984. This technique involves: reforming of traditional way to culture fish adopting various stocking models of mixed species and of high stocking density, improving food basis by increasing artificial feeding, shortening fish culture period by increasing stocking size, self-sufficiency in fish fingerling production by various nursing methods such as eaves in reservoir and ponds, adopting of cage culture, interval fish catching with cage weirs, paying special attention to ecological fish culture by rearing poultry and livestock as well as greenfeed. With the results of application of the new technique, the fish yield of Waguo Reservoir increased from 195kg/hm^2 in 1983 to 4176kg/hm^2 in 1986, that of Shishantou Reservoir increased from 86kg/hm^2 in 1984 to 7822kg/hm^2 in 1989, an economic benefit of RMB 10140 per hm^2. This technique has already been applied in 51 small reservoirs in Jiangsu Province.