一种新型固砂胶结剂的研究

RESEARCH ON A NOVEL SAND CONSOLIDAT ING AGENT

改变以往直接用NaOH催化丙酮和糠醛合成糠酮树脂的方法 ,而采用相转移法 (PTC)避免了合成时易产生的爆聚现象。通过合成、合成改性、共混复合等手段 ,研制出一种耐高温、抗压强度较高、渗透率损失小、适应性强的糠酮树脂与环氧树脂共混的树脂 ,并用聚氨酯改性增韧和增加其抗压强度 ,在室内研究探讨了采用树脂胶结法固砂的可行性。用 1∶1的多乙撑多胺与二乙醇胺混合作多元胺固化环氧树脂 ,树脂占砂子的质量百分比为5 % ,混合多元胺与环氧树脂的质量比为 1∶5 ,在 6 5℃的恒温箱中养护 2 4h后发现砂样有裂纹。测定抗压强度为 1.6MPa ,此值太小 ,故未测其渗透率。结果表明用多元胺固化剂 ,在 6 5℃的养护条件下 ,糠酮树脂 (FA)与环氧树脂(ER)的最佳共混比例为 1∶2 .5 ,抗压强度为 3.9MPa ,渗透率值为 3.0 μm2 ,渗透率下降率为 4 0 % ;取FA∶ER =1∶2 .5 ,聚氨酯A组分和B组分质量比PUA∶PUB=2∶1,随着聚氨酯的加量从 10 %增加到 30 % ,抗压强度值从 6 .3MPa增加到 7.8MPa,呈上升趋势 ,较未用聚氨酯改性的砂样成倍增加 ;渗透率从 3.75 μm2 增加到 4 .15 μm2 ,渗透率下降从2 5 %减少至 17%。

In order to change the conventional way that, directly catalyzed by sodium hydroxids, the acetone and furfural might be synthesized into furfural acetone resin, a new method called Phase Transfer Catalysis (PTC) is adopted so as to avoid the formation of explosive polymerization during synthesizing. Through synthesis, synthetic modification and blended combination, a kind of resin blended by furfural acetone resin and epoxy resin has been developed. It is of these characters as high temperature resistance, relatively high compression strength, small permeability loss and strong suitability, and, modified by polyurethane, its toughness and compression strength are greatly improved. The feasibility of solidifying the sands by use of the resin was studied and discussed by the authors. By taking the polyethylene polyamine and diethanolamine mixture (1 : 1) as the polyamine solidifying epoxy resin, when the mass of epoxy resin accounted for 5 percent of that of the sands and the mass proportion of the mixed polyamine to the epoxy resin was 1 : 5, some cracks were found in the sample after having been cured in the thermotank (65°C) for 24 h. The compression strength of the sample was 1.6 MPa and this value was too small to take account of its permeability. The results indicated that, at 65°C, when the optimally blended proportion of furfuryl acetone resin (FA) to epoxy resin (ER) in polyamine consolidating agent was 1 : 2.5, the compression strength of the sample was 3.9 MPa and its permeability was 3.0 μm2, the permeability loss rate being 40%; and while FA : ER=1 : 2.5 and the mass proportion of polyurethane A to polyurethane B was 2 : 1, along with the increase in quantity of polyurethane from 10 to 30 percent, the compression strength of the sample increased from 6.3 to 7.8 MPa with a rising trend, which doubled and redoubled that of the sample being not modified by polyurethane; and its permeability increased from 3.75 to 4.15 μm 2, the permeability loss rate from 25 to 17 percent.