糖尿病患者自我管理能力及相关因素的调查

The survey of self - management abilities and related factors in diabetes mellitus outpatients

目的了解糖尿病患者自我管理能力及生活状况等相关因素对血糖控制水平的影响。方法对门诊随访６个月以上的３７８例患者进行问卷调查，内容包括一般生活资料、经济环境、心理及自我监测等共２８条因素，结合门诊用药及血糖控制情况统计分析。结果糖尿病门诊患者餐后血糖波动＜８ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ者占３４．６７％，血糖控制不好及未规则随访者占４４．１９％。被调查者３７８例中吸烟、经济条件、婚姻、居住、医疗费用、门诊复查血糖频率、饮食、运动、对糖尿病控制的信心等１１条因素与血糖控制相关。结论提高患者自我管理能力，不仅要强调良好的生活习惯、饮食、运动、自我监测等多方面综合治疗，坚持持久的对疾病控制的信心至关重要。

Objectives To know the influence of related factors such as self - management abilities and living situation to blood glucose (BG) control in diabetes mellitus (DM) outpatients. MethodsZPatients followed up for more than six months in outpatient department were investigated with self administered questionnaire including 28 items such as lifestyle, financial condition, living situation,psychology, selfmonitor blood glucose control(SMBC) and so on. Compared with BG control levels,patients were divided into good (8mmol/L),fair (10mmol/L),and poor (10.1mmol/L). Results Questionnaires were returned by 378 individuals.Some factors were found to influence BG control, such as smoking,in financial strait, single, living lonely, not enough money for medical care, follow up and test BG occasionally, unsuitable food and exercise,lose faith in disease control. Conclusions This survey provides important informations on control BG levels in DM patients, and emphasizes that patients should not only pay attention to some conventional factors, but also should have faith in disease control.