军队干休所老年人痴呆及其主要亚型的患病率调查

A Survey on the Prevalence of Dementia and Major Subtypes in Elderly Veterans

目的 了解军队干休所老年人老年期痴呆及其主要亚型的患病率和流行特征。方法 采用中文版简易智能状态检查 (MMSE)、总体衰退量表、日常生活能力、哈金斯基缺血指数及汉密尔顿抑郁量表等量表为筛查工具 ,对石家庄市 2 9个部队干休所的 2 6 74名 6 5岁及以上的离退休干部进行痴呆患病率调查 ,按国际标准诊断痴呆、可能或很可能的阿尔茨海默痴呆 (AD)和血管性痴呆 (VaD)。结果 军队干休所老年人痴呆的患病率为 5 83% ,其中男性标化患病率为 6 0 6 % ,女性标化患病率为 5 0 0 % ,两组间差别无显著性意义 (P >0 0 5 ) ;AD患病率为 3 2 9% ,VaD则为 1 83%。AD的平均发病年龄为 77 4岁 ,VaD的平均发病年龄为 74 1岁。AD和VaD的患病率均随年龄增长而升高 ,AD患病率上升迅速 ,每增加 5岁 ,患病率约增高 1倍 ;VaD患病率则上升相对缓慢。所有类型痴呆与受教育程度的关系均未显示规律性变化 (P >0 0 5 )。结论 军队干休所老年人痴呆的患病率低于近年国内及欧美国家相关报道 ,与该人群医疗保健水平较高 ,及时发现早期认知功能损害并进行干预治疗有关。

Objective To explore the prevalence of dementia and major subtypes in elderly veterans.Methods 2674 veterans (aged 65 years and over) from 29 military sanatorium in Shijiazhuang city were studied.The Chinese version of Mini-Mental State Examination,Global Deterioration Scale,Activity of Daily Living,Hachinski Ischemic Scale and Hamilton Depression Scale were served as screening tools.The diagnosis of dementia,Alzheimer disease(AD) and vascular dementia(VaD)were assessed by using the DSM-Ⅳ,NINCDS-ADRDA,and NINCDS-AIREN criteria.Results A total of 156 cases of mild to severe dementia were identified.The prevalence of total dementia in individuals aged 65 years and over was 5.83%.The age-standardized prevalence of dementia was 6.06% in male and 5.008% in female,there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05).The prevalence of AD was 6.06% and in VaD was 1.83%.The mean age that suffers from AD is 77.4 years,and VaD is 74.1 years.The prevalence of AD increased with the higher age and increased fast,which is doubling every 5 years,but the prevalence of VaD increased low and slow.Either for AD or for VaD,there were no significant relationships between age-standardized prevalence rates and educational levels (P> 0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of dementia among elderly veterans is lower than those in recent reports from our country,European and American countries.The results may deal with the high level of medical care in elderly veterans and have benefit from those interventions on mild cognitive impairment in early stage.