近江牡蛎养殖水体中细菌产酶能力的研究

Study on the Bacteria Isolated from Farming Waters of Ostrea Vivularis Gould And Their Zymogenicities

为了解近江牡蛎养殖水体中细菌的产酶特性 ,筛选出有应用潜力的有益菌 ,本实验从近江牡蛎养殖水体中分离到 32株菌。革兰氏染色表明 ,10株为革兰氏阳性菌 ,2 2株革兰氏阴性菌。在此基础上研究了它们蛋白酶、脂肪酶、淀粉酶和纤维素酶的产酶能力。结果表明 ,6 1.9% ( 17株 )的菌株能分泌蛋白酶 ,71.9% ( 2 3株 )菌株能分泌脂肪酶或淀粉酶 ,34.4 % ( 11株 )的菌株产纤维素酶。这些产酶菌株均以革兰氏阴性菌为主。在这 32株菌中 ,产四种酶的有 5株菌 ,产三种酶的有 9株菌 ,产两种酶的有 9株菌 ,产一种酶的有 9株菌 ,也就是说 ,所有的菌株都能产酶。由此表明近江牡蛎养殖水体中细菌在该环境物质循环中的重要地位。

To understand the role(s)of bacteria in maintaining the oyster farming water quality in terms of producing enzymes to degrade organic matters,and to screen for the potentially beneficial strains for the future applications in the oyster farming industry,bacterial strains from Ostrea vivularis Gould farming-water were isolated and their enzyme-producing capabilities were investigated.In total,32 strains of bacteria were isolated.Gram stain showed that 10 strains out of 32 are Gram-positive while 22 are Gram negative.To study the abilities of these 32 strains to extra-cellularly produce protease,lipase,amylase and cellulase,Casein,olive oil,starch and CMC were employed as substrates respectively.Results showed that 61.9% of the strains were able to produce extra-cellular protease(17strains),71.9% of the strains were able to produce either lipase or amylase (23 strains each),and 34.4% of the strains capable of producing cellulase (11 strains).These enzyme(s)-producing strains are predorminantly Gram negative.Among the 32 isolates,5 were showed to produce all four enzymes,9 three enzymes,9 two enzymes,9 one enzyme.All of the isolates were capable of producing enzymes.Therefore,it can be concluded that bacteria in the Ostrea vivularis Gould farming-water play an important role in maintaining water quality by degrading organic matter.