旱地地膜小麦高产栽培优化数学模型研究

A Study on Optimum Mathematical Model of Agronimic Measures for High Yield of Film Mulched Wheat in Dryland Area

采用三因子二次饱和D最优设计方案,选取对小麦产量影响较大的播期、播量和施肥量为调控因子,以产量为目标函数,研究了陕西省千阳、淳化、洛川三个不同干旱地区地膜小麦优质高产综合栽培优化数学模型。结果表明,各地的最佳农艺方案分别是:千阳县产量在5250kg/hm2以上的播期为9月29～10月1日,基本苗为272.8万～330.3万/hm2,施氮103.1～167.0kg/hm2,P2O582.5～133.6kg/hm2;淳化县产量在4500kg/hm2以上的播期为9月31～10月5日,基本苗237.5万～320.5万/hm2,施氮221.9～285.8kg/hm2,P2O5177.5～228.6kg/hm2;洛川县产量在3750kg/hm2以上的播期为9月25～9月27日,基本苗286.3万～337.7万/hm2,施氮111.5～170.5kg/hm2,P2O589.2～136.4kg/hm2。

Based on the experimental research, such agronomic measures as sowing date, sowing density and the amount of fertilization affecting grain yield greatly were selected to conduct the mathematical model of (high-yielding) of film mulched wheat (FMW) in Qianyang, Chunhua and Luochuan different dryland area in Shaanxi. In cording to the model, in Qianyang, when yield is more than 5 250 kg/hm^2, the (appropriate) (rowing) date is September 29 to October 1, base population is 272800~330300/hm^2, nitrogen is (103.1~)167.0 (kg/hm^2), P_2O_5 is 82.5~133.6 kg/hm^2; in Chunhua, when yield is more than 4 500 kg/hm^2, the (appropriate) (rowing) date is September 31 to October 5, base population is 237500~320500/hm^2, (nitrogen) is 221.9~285.8 kg/hm^2, P_2O_5 is 177.5~228.6 kg/hm^2; in Qianyang, when yield is more than (3750) (kg/hm^2), the (appropriate) (rowing) date is September 25 to 27,base population is 286300~337700/hm^2, (nitrogen) is 111.5^(170.5) (kg/hm^2), P_2O_5 is 89.2~136.4 kg/hm^2.