北京地区引种国外紫花苜蓿品种生态适应性的研究

Study on ecological adaptability of alfalfa introduced from foreign countries in Beijing area

连续 3年引种国外紫花苜蓿品种试验研究结果表明 ,适合华北平原北部地区种植的苜蓿品种为 2～ 5级秋眠级品种 ,但秋眠级FD5 (Key)品种需采取相应措施提高其越冬率 ,而FD6 (Lobo)和FD7(Durango)品种越冬率低下故不适合该区种植推广。“Haygarzer”(FD3)、“Vector”(FD4 )和“Key”(FD5 )品种产量高且 1年可收获 4～ 5茬 ,这些品种可在北京和气候类似北京的地区种植。紫花苜蓿可在北京地区安全越夏 ,但夏季要注意防治病虫害。紫花苜蓿播种当年的产量与积温呈线性关系 。

The results from three year’s continuous experimental study on the alfalfas of introductory varieties show that the alfalfa varieties with fall-dormancy grades 2～5 are suitable to be cultivated in north of North-China Plain, meanwhile some countermeasures must be taken to enhance the survival rate in winter; the varieties with fall-dormancy grades 6 and 7 can not be spread out; the three varieties Haygarzer, Vector and Key can be harvested from 4 to 5 crops annually, and are suitable to be cultivated in Beijing area; the alfalfas survive safely in summer in Beijing area, but some prevention measures must be taken to resist plant diseases and insect pest; the relation between the output and accumulative temperature of alfalfa is linear in that sowing year, and logarithmic in the following years.