Microtox技术检测多环芳烃生物毒性的研究

Assay of biotoxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by Microtox test

利用Microtox技术检测 5种多环芳烃化合物生物毒性结果表明 ,二甲亚砜配制的测试液中萘、菲及荧蒽均对发光细菌具有一定生物毒性 ,且随浓度的增大而增强 ,相同浓度下毒性菲 >萘 ;测试液中当萘浓度小于其溶解度时即产生 10 0 %的抑光率 ,萘EC50 为 4 .32mg/L ,而菲及荧蒽浓度近其溶解度时所产生的最大抑光率分别为 <5 0 %和15 %左右 ;芘及蒽最大浓度时则对发光细菌无生物毒性显示。表明Microtox技术可有效检测低环化合物萘的生物毒性 ,但对高环化合物 (≥ 3环 )的检测因受其低水溶性的限制而灵敏度降低 。

The biotoxicity of five polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) was assayed by Microtox test. It has been found that some kinds of PAHs such as naphthalene, phenanthrene and fluoranthene have acute toxicity to the test microbes in the water solution produced using DMSO solvent and the toxicity is strengthened with the increasing concentration. The toxicity of phenanthrene is stronger than that of naphthalene at the same concentration. The inhibitory effect of luminosity in the solution of naphthalene is up to 100% under its solubility and the EC_50 value of naphthalene is 4 32mg/L. The inhibitory effect of luminosity in the solution of phenanthrene and fluoranthene is only up to 50% and 15% at the concentration near its solubility, respectively. However, anthracene and pyrene have no effect on the microbes even at their highest concentration. It appears that the sensitivity of the detection of the toxicity of PAHs by Microtox test is restricted to their low solubility, and the toxicity observed in the leachates of PAHs contamination is linked to the low molecular PAHs such as naphthalene and phenanthrene.