激光-高频感应复合焊接技术

Laser/high-frequency induction hybrid welding

为了克服激光深熔焊易产生气孔、焊接高碳钢高合金钢等材料时接头组织性能恶化并容易出现裂纹以及材料对激光吸收率低等缺点 ,研究了一种将高频感应加热与激光相结合的复合焊接方法。以 30CrMnSiA为对象 ,与激光焊接相比 ,采用激光 高频感应复合焊的焊缝组织中马氏体成分减少 ,贝氏体成分增加 ,接头的裂纹倾向降低了 ,同时焊缝的熔深熔宽也有明显的提高 ,而并未使焊接热影响区变宽或组织恶化。实验结果表明 ,激光 高频感应复合焊接与单纯激光焊接相比 ,可以起到改善接头组织性能、降低裂纹和气孔倾向以及进一步提高焊接效率的效果。

Laser welding is widely used in practice,but it also has some disadvantages,such as porosity,low absorptivity for laser,and crack when high-carbon or high-alloy steels are welded.To overcome these shortcomings,a laser/high-frequency induction hybrid welding technology was presented,and 30CrMnSiA was welded by this method.Compared with laser welding,the martensite composition in the weld structure is less,the bainite composition is more,and the inclination of crack is less.The weld penetration and width are obviously increased by the hybrid welding.At the same time,the aided heat source of high-frequency induction neither enlarges the width of HAZ,nor worsens HAZ metallurgical structure.The experiment results have proved that the laser/high-frequency induction hybrid welding has the following advantages than laser welding: more excellent organization and performance of weld joint,lower inclining to bring porosity or crack,and higher welding efficiency.