日、英、汉语中委婉语的语用功能及表达方式

Linguistic Function and Expressions of Euphemism in Japanese,English and Chinese

委婉语在汉、英、日语中定义大致相同,其语用功能基本体现在避免忌讳、避免粗俗、表达敬意和礼貌三方面。但在表达方式上并非完全一一对等。英、汉语中没有完整的敬语体系,而日语却有着非常复杂、发达的敬语体系。了解、熟练掌握委婉语表达方式上的差异,在实际交流的过程中就可以避免难堪、尴尬的境地,达到缩短人际间距离、建立平等关系的作用。

Definitions of euphemism are expressed similarly in Chinese and Japanese;Semantic function of euphemism is used to avoid taboos and vulgarities and to express respect and politeness,but their ways of expression are different.There is no entire expressing system of euphemism in Chinese,but in Japanese,complicated and developed.Having good command of euphemism may avoid embarrassing situations in communication meanwhile it may smooth away barriers of understanding and create equal interpersonal relationship.