列车系统运行平稳性研究

Study on Ride Comfort of Train System

在车辆动力学模型的基础上,建立由3辆拖车组成的列车动力学模型。建模过程中考虑列车系统中存在的轮轨接触几何关系非线性、轮轨蠕滑率/蠕滑力的非线性、钩缓装置作用力的非线性以及车辆模型一、二系悬挂作用力的非线性等因素。研究车间连接刚度和连接阻尼对列车运行平稳性的影响。仿真结果表明,车间横向连接刚度和横向连接阻尼系数对列车的运行平稳性影响较大,而车间垂向连接刚度和垂向连接阻尼系数对列车的运行平稳性影响很小。在列车中的相邻两车之间安装横向减振器能够有效地提高列车的横向运行平稳性,并能够改善列车的垂向运行平稳性。仿真结果还发现,在转向架悬挂参数相同的情况下,单一车辆的运行平稳性指标大于列车的运行平稳性指标。

Based on a vehicle dynamics model, a 3-trailer train dynamics model is set up. During the modeling process, various kinds of nonlinear factors are considered including nonlinear wheel/rail contact geometry, nonlinear wheel/rail creep force vs creepage, nonlinear forces of coupler and draft gear, nonlinear primary and secondary suspension forces, etc. The effects of coupling stiffness and damping coefficient on train ride comfort are studied. The simulation results show that the lateral connection stiffness and lateral connection damping coefficient affect train ride comfort greatly while vertical connection stiffness and vertical connection damping coefficient have little effect on it. The lateral dampers fixed between cars can improve lateral ride comfort of train effectively and can improve vertical ride comfort of train to a certain degree. Through simulation, it is shown that ride comfort index of single car is greater than that of the whole train under the same suspension parameter of the bogie.