摘要
原油中的水滴在高压直流电场中被电场力分散成小液滴。通过测定小液滴的平均粒径和原油中被分散的水量,发现水滴的电分散程度与温度和电场强度的变化有密切关系。温度改变原油性质来影响水滴的变形断裂,其中粘性阻力起主导作用。电场强度会明显影响水滴所受的电场力。在80℃下,场强1500V/cm时有10%以上的水滴被分散,到场强5 000V/cm时则达到40%以上。场强超过7 000V/cm以后分散作用的增强逐步减弱。
The dispersion of water drops in two Chinese crude oils by DC electrical field has been studied. The experiment data concerning the average diameter of the dispersed droplets and dispersed water quantity show that the extent of electrodispersion is affected notably by temperature and electric field intensity. The effect of temperature on the distorting and breaking up of droplets is produced mainly by changing the properties of crude oil, especially the viscosity. The electrical forces acting on the droplets increase with the increasing of the voltage gradient. At 80℃, the percentage of the dispersed water is over 10% under 1500 V/cm voltage gradient, and exceeds 40% under 5000 V/cm. When the voltage gradient is above 7000 V/cm, the increase rate of dispersion is slowed down progressively.
关键词
电场
原油
水滴
水滴电分散
温度
dispersion
electric fields
crude oil
water droplets
temperature
voltage gradient
