江门、阳江、云浮、韶关、肇庆5市高氟区改水效果及儿童氟斑牙患病情况流行病学调查分析

Epidemiological survey and analysis of effects after water improvement to reduce fluoride and dental fluorosis prevalence of children in high fluorosis areas in Jiangmen, Yangjiang, Yunfu, Shaoguan and Zhaoqing cities

目的 :通过对江门、阳江、云浮、韶关、肇庆 5市高氟区改水降氟前后水氟含量 ,8～ 15岁儿童氟斑牙患病率的调查 ,评价改水降氟的效果并为地方性氟中毒的防治提供依据。方法 :水氟含量采用氟离子选择电极法进行检测 ,儿童氟斑牙诊断采用三型九度法。结果 :恩平、阳春、罗定、新兴、始兴 5个高氟区经改水降氟后 ,水氟含量分别为 0 .18mg/l、0 .37mg/l、0 .6 7mg/l、0 .10 mg/l、0 .73mg/l,均较改水前有明显下降。这 5个地区在改水后儿童氟斑牙患病率分别为 78.80 %、5 8.4 0 %、4 1.82 %、36 .99%和 2 6 .10 % ,较改水前有明显下降。但怀集未改水 ,其患病率为 10 0 .0 %。结论 :5市高氟区经改水降氟后 ,饮用水源水氟含量达标 ,氟斑牙患病率显著下降 ,改水降氟取得了一定的成效 ,但仍存在一些问题。

Objective To evaluate the effects of water improvement to reduce fluoride and provide scientific basis for controlling endemic fluorosis through investigating the fluoride content in water and dental fluorosis prevalence rate of 8~15 years old children in high fluorosis area in Jiangmen, Yangjaing, Yunfu, Shaoguan and Zhaoqing cities. Methods The fluoride content in water was determined by fluoride selective ion electron, and dental fluorosis of children was examined according to clinical diagnosis standard. Results After improving water to reduce fluoride, the fluoride content in water in Nenping, Yangchun, Luoding, Xinxing and Shixing area was 0.18mg/l, 0.37mg/l, 0.67mg/l, 0.10mg/l and 0.73mg/l respectively (all were reduced obviously). Dental fluorosis prevalence rate of children in the five areas was 78.80%, 58.40%, 41.82%, 36.99% and 26.10% respectively ( all were reduced obviously too). But the dental fluorosis prevalence rate in Huanji county was 100.0% due to no improvement of water.Conclusion After improving water to reduce fluoride in the five cities, the fluoride content in drinking water was lower than the required standard. And the effect of improving water was obvious, but some problems still remained .