氮磷钾用量及配比对甜玉米产量与品质的影响

EFFECT OF APPLYING N, P, K ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF SWEET CORN

采用二次回归正交组合设计,研究氮磷钾用量及配比对甜玉米产量与品质的影响表明:氮磷钾用量对商品鲜苞产量有显著增产作用,其影响顺序为:氮>钾>磷。在本试验条件下,每亩施N、P_2O_5、K_2O分别为18.2kg、6.3kg、18kg时,可获最高鲜苞产量640kg/亩。钾可显著提高鲜粒水溶性糖含量。氮、磷则在某一用量(每亩N6.7kg、P_2O_55kg)时,鲜粒水溶性糖含量最低,氮、磷分别小于以上用量时,水溶性糖随养分增加而下降,大于以上用量时,糖分随养分增加而增加。综合商品鲜苞产量与糖分含量两项指标,可推荐甜玉米合适施肥量为N18.2kg/亩,P_2O_56.3kg/亩,K_2O18kg/亩,其配比为N:P_2O_5:K_2O=1:0.35:1。

The effects of N, P, and K. with respect to their rate and ratios, on the yield and quality of sweet corn were studied by quadratic regressive orthogonal combinatorial design. The results showed that the yield of commercial fresh ear could be significantly increased by applying N, P and K fertilizers in the order of N>K>P. Under the experimental condition, maximum yield (9. 6 t/ha)was obtained by a combination of 273. 0 kg N/ha, 94. 5 kg P2O3/ ha and 270. 0 kg K2O/ha, and the water-soluble sugar content of frest seeds was markedly increased with increasing K. The minimum content of water-soluble sugar was found in fresh seeds as the combination of 100. 5 kg N/ha arid 75. 0 kg P2O5/ha. Below this level, the sugar content was decreased with the increase of N and P; over this level, the sugar content was increased with the increase of N and P. With regard to considering the yield of fresh ears and the sugar content of fresh seeds, a suitable ratio of N, P and K was recommended as 273. Okg N/ha. 94. 5kg P2O3/ha and 270. Okg K,O/ha, as N, P2O3, K2O= 1 : 0. 35 : 1.