氮钾互作对马铃薯产量、品质与氮磷钾吸收的影响

THE EFFECTS OF NK INTERACTION ON YIELD, QUALITY AND UPTAKE OF NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS AND POTASSIUM IN POTATO (Solanum tuberosum L. )

本文研究了四个氮钾处理对马铃薯“金冠”品种植株生长、块茎产量与品质和氮磷钾吸收的影响.结果表明:在钾水平相同时,高氮比低氮抑制植株生长与降低块茎产量,尤其是在高钾条件下增氮的减产效应更明显.低氮时增钾明显地促进植株生长与提高块茎产量,而高氮时增钾则抑制植株生长与降低块茎产量.处理中,以低氮高钾(N_4K_6)处理的块茎产量、品质与商品率最佳.氮钾互作明显地影响植株对氮、钾吸收,而对磷吸收影响不大.植株的氮、磷含量与块茎产量无显著相关,植株的钾含量与块茎产量呈显著正相关.植株体内N/K比值与块茎产量呈显著负相关。

The effects of four NK treatments on growth, tuber yield and quality, and uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in potato (Solaxmn tuberosum L. cv. Gloden-crown) were studies. The results showed that high nitrogen treatments inhibited plant growth and decreased tuber yield as compared with low nitrogen treatments when potassium treatments were the same. Increased potassium fertilizers enhanced markedly plant growth and increased tuber yield in low nitrogen treatments, while inhibited plant growth and decreased tuber yield in high nitrogen treatments. Low N+ high K treatment gave best yield, quality and commodity rate of tuber among treatments. NK interaction caused marked effects on content of nitrogen and potassium, while no on that of phosphorus in plants. The correlation coefficient between nitrogen or phosphorus content in plants and tuber yield was not over the level of negative significance, and that significant corrlativity existed between potassium content in plants and tuber yield, as well as between N/K ratio and tuber yield, the correlation coefficients were 0. 9670 and -0. 9649, respectively.