温度对菜蚜茧蜂行为功能反应影响的研究

THE EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURES ON THE FORAGING BEHAVIOUR OF PARASITOID Diaeretiella rapae (HYM. , BRACONIDAE )

本文通过研究温度对菜蚜茧蜂Diaeretiella rapae行为功能的影响,揭示了温度对菜蚜茧峰搜索行为和功能行为反应的干扰作用.在23℃时,寄生蜂对寄主的搜索能力、产卵管冲刺次数和攻击率都比在15℃和18℃时的高;花费较少的时间就能发现第一头寄主.在30min内,在15℃和18℃时,寄生蜂对寄主的最大寄生个体数量仅为在23℃时的2/5～1/2.

The temperature 15℃ ,18℃ and 23℃ were used to estimate the effects of parasitoid, Di-aeretiella rapae Mintosh on aphid Lipaphia erysimi and Myzus persioae by means of functional response. The experimental results showed that temperatures interfered with the foraging behaviur of the wasp. The effects mainly included:1. The wasps in 15 ℃ and 18 ℃ spent more time to find their frist host and spent less time in the patch than in 23℃.2. The behaviour response of wasps in 15℃ and 18℃ to attack their hosts was obviously weakened, and the prickings to hosts decreased.3. The temperature 23℃ was comfortable for the wasps to forage their hosts.4. The functional response of the wasps in 15℃, 18℃ and 23℃ showed a Holling Ⅱ model between the number of host aphids parasitised by the wasps (Na) and the host density (N). Their relationships are described by following functions:Na=0. 1841N/(l+b. 0044N) (N>50,r = 0. 9743)0 (N<50) ——(in 15℃ ))Na=0. 5898N/(1+0. 0124N) (r=0.9790) ——(in 18℃))Na=0. 7394N/(1 + 0. 0074N) (r=0.8876) ——(in 23℃))It indicated that, within 30 minutes of exposure period in the patch, the max number of host aphids parasitised by the wasps in 15℃ and 18℃ were 41. 84 and 47. 56 respectively, while the max number of host aphids parasitised by the wasps in 23 ℃ was 99. 92.