一年以后对美加“8.14”大停电事故的反思

RETHINKING OVER ‘8.14’US-CANADA BLACKOUT AFTER ONE YEAR

介绍了计及电网特点的美国权威性刊物对“8.14”事故的简要总结、展望和防范措施建议,基于这些建议指出了我国未来的全国 500kV平面型大电网存在固有结构缺陷:首先,现有的 500kV电网的输电能力不足,已促成南方电网中“交弱直强”的局面,使本应相互支援的交直流并联方式变成了强弱同存的现状;其次,平面型大电网将使各地 500kV开关的遮断容量快速增大;最后,电网的安全防卫性能、电网自动化的配置方式以及电力市场运营的灵活性都将比宝塔型结构的低下。应尽早警惕和防范这些不良影响。还对我国研制实时监控系统的高强性能前景、十分困难的途径以及分阶段达标提出了建议;并提出引入“电网发展弹性系数”,以求与“电力发展弹性系数”一起进行综合分析,才能达到“电力应适度超前发展、电网要适度超前建设”的目标。

The summary, prospect and proposals on the preventive measures, which are published in US authoritative journals and consider the features of power grid, for the blackout occurred in interconnected North America power grid on August 14, last year are briefly introduced. According to these comments the inherent structural defects in future domestic plane type structure of 500kV nationwide integrated power grid are pointed out. Firstly, the power transmission capability of existing 500kV power networks is insufficient, at present in the South China Power grid the parallel AC/DC mode which ought to support each other becomes the situation of “strong DC network coexisting with weak AC network”; secondly, the plane type high capacity power grid will make the interrupting capability of 500kV breakers quickly increasing; thirdly, for the plane type of nationwide integrated power grid the security defence capability as well as the flexibility of automation system configuration and electricity market operation will meet more difficulties than the pagoda type of power grid structure. Therefore, the above-mentioned defects should be vigilant and on guard as early as possible. Some proposals on the magnificent prospect of domestic high performance real-time security control system, the difficulties might be met during the research and the stage-by-stage purposes of this research are put forward. Besides, it is also pointed out to lead in the coefficient of elasticity for the evaluation of power grid planning to conduct the integrative analysis with the coefficient of elasticity for power industry development, and in this way the goal of “power industry should be developed appropriately in advance and power system nust be developed appropriately in advance”could be realized.