消滩水力指标的确定方法讨论

Discussion on methods todetermine rapids suppression hydraulic indexes

消滩水力指标是山区河流航道整治设计中必须首先明确的问题。归纳和评述了现行的5种消滩水力指标确定方法:实船实验法、经验分析法、阻力计算法、能量分析法和船模试验法。指出在目前航道界较常用的一种阻力计算法—兹万科夫法,有着明显优势和在计算中还存在一些有待解决的问题,如驳船船队阻力、倒比降滩段比降阻力计算以及浅水和狭窄水道对船舶阻力的影响等。

In the regulation design of navigation channel of mountain rivers, rapids suppression hydraulic indexes should firstly be determined. This paper summarizes and evaluates the following 5 available methods to determine rapids suppression indexes: prototype vessel test method, experiential analysis method, drag computation method, energy analysis method and model vessel test method. The commonly used drag computation method, i.e. Zivankov method has remarkable advantages, but it also has such problems to be solved as drag computations for barge train and for shoal sections with negative water surface slope, the influence of flows in shoal and narrow waterways on vessel navigation drag, etc.