基于小波变换的三维地震资料拼接方法

Putting 3-D seismic data together based on wavelet transform.

新、老三维地震资料的连片处因采用不同激发、接收参数而引发的拼接问题日益增多。三维地震资料拼接可看作是一个不同尺度空间的数学寻优问题,其关键在于如何实现时变拼接。应用小波分析中的Mallat算法,将拼接处的两个叠加数据进行多分辨分解;采用最小平方算法求取不同尺度空间的最佳匹配滤波因子,并将各匹配滤波因子分别应用于多分辨分解后的其中一块三维叠前数据,即可达到拼接的目的。此方法可自动实现时变拼接,达到相位和振幅同时校正,而且能避免噪声的影响。实际应用结果表明,采用小波变换资料拼接方法的效果较好。

The processing of joining new acquired 3 D seismic data with legacy data has merging problem because of different shooting and receiving parameters.The merging of 3 D seismic data can be looked as the issue of optimum in different scale space mathematically,the key is how to realize the time variant merging.Using Mallat factor in wavelet analysis and carrying out the multi resolution decomposition for two stack data at merging position;using least square algorithm to compute optimum match filter in different scale space and applying each match filter to one of 3 D prestack data after multi resolution decomposition separately,the merging goal is arched.The method can realize time variant merging automatically,result in simultaneous corrections both for phase and amplitude and avoid the influence of noise.The real application showed that the data merging method by wavelet transform has good effects.