烷基咪唑氟硼酸盐离子液体的合成与溶剂性质研究

Synthesis of the ionic liquid of alkyl imidazolium borofluoride and properties of solvent

研究了反应温度、时间和溶剂等对烷基咪唑氟硼酸盐室温离子液体[R1R2Im]BF4产率的影响,考察了该离子液体溶剂的性质。结果表明,[R1R2Im]BF4与油品中的脂肪族烃类组分不能互溶,但对部分含硫含氮组分均有一定的溶解度,同时还能溶解具有Lewis酸性的AlCl3和杂多酸络合物以及具有加氢活性的无机盐,这为开发Lewis酸催化或加氢催化等离子液体油品液/液双相催化体系奠定了基础。运用量子化学计算方法,考察了[R1R2Im]BF4的电导率与离子液体的分子结构的内在联系。结果表明,当阴离子相同时,N 烷基咪唑阳离子的体积越大,对应的离子液体的电导率越小。

The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time and solvents on the yield of the ionic liquid of N-alkyl imidazolium borofluoride ([R_1R_2Im]BF_4) were investigated. The properties of [R_1R_2Im]BF_4 were studied. It was concluded that aliphatic hydrocarbon and alkenes in petroleum are insoluble in [R_1R_2Im]BF_4, but some compounds containing sulfur or nitrogen are soluble in [R_1R_2Im]BF_4. In addition, some inorganic salts acting as the Lewis acid catalyst or hydrogenation catalyst, such as AlCl_3 and heteropoly acid complex, are also soluble in [R_1R_2Im]BF_4. These discovered results imply that the successful application of ionic liquid catalytic system to the petroleum refining is possible. The effects of the structure of [R_1R_2Im]BF_4 on its electric conductivity were studied with the quantum chemistry calculation method. The results show that the electro conductivity of [R_1R_2Im]BF_4 increases with the decrease of the volume of N-alkyl imidazolium when the anion is same.