深圳市0～5岁儿童出生缺陷调查分析

Survey on Birth Defects among 0-5 Year-old Children in Shenzhen

目的:掌握深圳市0-5岁儿童出生缺陷发生情况及病种构成,为出生缺陷干预与监测提供基线数据。方法:在拟开展出生缺陷干预与监测的区、镇进行整群抽样,统一培训调查员,调查并记录0-5岁儿童出生缺陷情况。结果:0-5岁儿童的出生缺陷患病率为10.20‰,城市和乡镇的患病率分别是7.51‰和11.71‰,经统计学处理有显著性差异(P<0.01)。0-5岁儿童出生缺陷儿病死率为29.02％,占总死亡的58.33％(农村56.25％,城市62.50％)。出生缺陷居前三位的病种为:先天性心脏病、唇腭裂和多并指(趾)。结论:必须进一步加强出生缺陷干预工作的力度,特别是农村地区和重点病种的防治工作。

Objective: To investigate the state of birth defects and proportion of diseases among 0-5 years-old children, and to provide basic data for interventions and surveillance. Methods: Children aged 0-5 were selected from 11 towns and 2 communities using cluster sampling method. Results: The incidence of birth defects among 0-5 years-old children was 10. 20‰. The incidence of birth defects in the cities and in the towns was 7. 51‰ and 11. 71‰, respectively. There was significant difference( P <0.01) between two groups. The percentage of 0 - 5 years-old children who died of birth defects was 29. 02% , accounting for 58.33% in total dead populations. The first three types of diseases were as following: congenital cardiopathy, harelip and cleft-palate and polydactyly and syndactyly. Conclusion: It is necessary to strengthen interventions for birth defects , especially for main diseases in rural area.