过度运动对海马神经元形态及脑源性神经营养因子表达的影响

Influence of Excessive Exercise on the Morphology and Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Expression of Hippocampus Neurons

目的 :观察过度运动后海马神经元形态及其脑源性神经营养因子表达的变化 ,探讨过度运动导致海马组织学与超微结构改变及其脑源性神经营养因子表达的变化与运动性中枢疲劳的关系。方法 :采用过度运动大鼠为实验对象 ,用HE染色、甲苯胺蓝染色观察海马神经元形态变化 ,用透射电镜观察海马神经元超微结构变化。采用SABC免疫组织化学染色方法观察脑源性神经营养因子的变化。结果 :过度运动可导致海马神经元组织学与细胞超微结构改变 ,使海马神经元排列松散、紊乱 ,并且与周围神经元联络减少。部分神经元细胞体固缩、细胞核内陷、染色质聚集、线粒体肿胀或其内部出现空泡。过度运动后发生组织学形态改变的海马神经元脑源性神经营养因子表达增加 ,而没有组织形态改变的海马神经元脑源神经营养因子表达无变化。

The aim of this paper is to observe whether excessive exercise could induce the morphological changes in hippocampus neurons,to determine the potential role of hippocampus neurous in the exercise-induced central fatigue. HE, Toluidne blue histochemical staining method and electronic microscope were used to observe the morphological changes in hippocampus neurons. SABC immunohistochemistry was used to test the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in hippocampus of excessive exercise rats. The following changes were found in excessive exercise rats : the neurons were loosely arrayed and some were disarrayed, the connections among neuron were decreased and some neurons were shrinked; “dents' were found in some nuclei; chromatin were clustered; and vacuoles were also found in mitochondria. The expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in damaged rat hippocampal neurons increased. Results suggested that excessive exercise could induce morphological changes of the hippocamal neurons.