孙思邈与龙宫方——《千金方》中的佛教医学

Sun Simiao and Dragon Palace Formulas Buddhist Medicine in “Thousand Golden Prescriptions”

孙思邈《千金要方》、《千金翼方》中有不少精妙的佛教医学内容，归纳起来，大致包括大慈救苦之心、“四大”发病之说、耆婆治病方药和佛门养生方法。这些佛教医学内容与唐人段成式《酉阳杂俎》中所称的“龙宫方”传闻有内在联系，并认为“龙宫方”之“龙”，非指有神通能变化的“龙神”，当是“龙象”之言。“龙象”比拟具有勇力、猛于修行的人。

There were many delicate contents of Buddhist medicine in “Thousand Golden Prescriptions” and “Supplement to Thousand Golden Prescriptions” written by Sun Simiao. In summary,they roughly include the sense of benevolence for rescuing people from sufferings,the theory of “four major” pathogenesis, Qi Po′s formulas and drugs, and Buddhist method for life preservation. There was an interrelation between these contents of Buddhist medicine and the legend of “Dragon Palace Formulas”, so called in “Miscellaneous Container in Dusk Sunshine” by Duan Chengshi in the Tang Dynasty. It was believed in this article that “dragon” in “Dragon Palace Formulas” did not refer to “God of Dragon” with magic power and changing ability and that it should mean “dragon phenomenon”.“Dragon phenomenon” implies a person with strong power and devotion in cultivation of personality.