摘要
经过第一次和第二次开采后仍有数量众多的残余油残留在油井的岩石缝隙之中。微生物提高原油采收率(简称MEOR方法)是石油开采过程中采用的一种利用微生物及其代谢产物将残留原油采出的方法。细菌是原油开采技术中唯一得到使用的微生物。细菌体积微小,生长迅速,能够产生有利于原油开采的代谢产物:气体、酸、表面活性剂和聚合物等,而且具有抵抗高温、高盐和高压等恶劣地层环境的能力。本课题进行了在使用聚合物(聚丙烯酰胺,简称PAM)驱油之后利用MEOR方法提高原油采收率的可行性以及微生物提高微观驱油效率的机理方面的研究和探讨。
After primary and secondary procedures,there is still much residual oil in the rock crevices.Microbial enhanced oil recovery(MEOR)is a technique to utilize microorganisms and their metabolic products to improve the recovery of crude oil from reservoir rocks.Bacteria are the only microorganisms that have been used in the enhanced oil recovery (EOR) process.They are small in size,grow quickly and produce metabolic compounds such as gases,acids,surfactants and polymers.Bacteria can also tolerate harsh environments such as:high water salinity,high pressure and high temperature.In this paper the feasibility of using microorganisms to increase the incremental oil after polyacrylamides (PAM) flooding and the mechanism of microorganisms enhanced oil recovery at microcosmic scale are investigated.
