糖尿病患者跌倒及其危险因素研究

Study on falls and its risk factors in patients with diabetes

目的 探讨糖尿病患者跌倒及其危险因素研究。方法 15 1例糖尿病患者为研究对象 ,对照组为同期观察的 14 9例非糖尿病受试对象。采用成组病例对照研究方法 ,调查测评内容包含 4个方面共 6 8项因素。结果 糖尿病组跌倒发生率为2 1.85 % ,明显高于对照组 11.4 1% (P <0 .0 5 )。糖尿病组合并心、脑血管病变 ,视力、听力异常 ,下肢感觉神经功能异常 ,足背动脉搏动异常 ,足部病变等均较对照组明显增多 (P <0 .0 0 1)。从与跌倒相关的 6 8项因素中 ,先经单因素分析 ,再进一步应用非条件Logistic多元回归分析筛选出了 7个有显著统计学意义的变量 ,即 :周围血管病变、周围神经病变、足部压力觉异常、足背动脉搏动异常、足部病变、直立性低血压、视力异常 ,它们均与糖尿病患者跌倒的发生呈显著正相关 (P <0 .0 5～ 0 .0 1)。结论 以上 7个因素是引起跌倒的重要危险因素 ;

Objective Study on falls and its risk factors in patients on diabetes.Method A case-control study was conducted on 151 diabetic patients,and on 149 people without diabetes.Results Falls in diabetic patients (21.85%) were higher than people without diabetes (11.41%,P<0.05).The number of diabetic patients with cardiocerebralvascular disease, abnormal sight and hearing ,neuropathy disability and the absence of foot pulses were higher than the number of people without diabetes(P<0.001).Univariate analysis showed that nineteen variables were significantly associated with the high risk for falls of diabetic patients. By logistic regression analysis, seven factors were identified as independent of each other. Macrovascular disease, neuropathy , pressure sense,foot pulses ,diabeti foot, orthostatic hypotention and eye-sight were associated with falls of diabetic patients(P<0.05～0.01).Conclusions Diabetic neuropathy and peripheral vascular disease are the pathophysiologic causes on falls of patients with diabetes.