Kevlar层合板动静态侵彻贯穿特性的实验研究

Experimental Study on Dynamic and Static Perforation Characteristic of Laminated Kevlar

本文以Kevlar/环氧树脂层合材料为对象,通过动静态侵彻实验,研究层合板的抗贯穿特性。利用MTS810材料试验机进行准静态侵彻实验,根据测得的加载载荷-位移曲线及靶板的破坏模式,分析了靶板的准静态侵彻行为。实验指出,准静态侵彻时层合板的整体弯曲变形是其主要吸能模式,织物铺层板的吸能量要高于无编织铺层板,表现出更好的抗侵彻性。采用7.62mm口径滑膛枪开展了初速为200～700m/s的弹道冲击实验,讨论了不同弹形弹丸侵彻靶板的效果以及不同铺设方式靶板的抗弹性能和破坏模式。通过与准静态侵彻实验结果的对比,发现靶板的抗侵彻性能和破坏模式与侵彻速度有明显关系。动态侵彻时层合板的破坏局域化,破坏模式多样化。弹形对侵彻效果的影响主要体现于接近弹道极限的低速段。

The anti-perforation ability of Kevlar/Epoxy laminates with variety of thickness to quasi-static and dynamic penetration by cylindrical projectiles with different noses was investigated in the paper. Quasi-static tests were conducted on the MTS810 testing system. The quasi-static penetration behaviors of non-woven and woven laminates were analyzed on the load-displacement curves and the failure phenomena. The results indicate that global deformation is the major energy absorption mechanism and woven laminates exhibit larger energy absorption than that of non-woven laminates. Therefore, the woven laminates have better quasi-static penetration resistance. Ballistic tests with velocities of 200~700m/s were executed using a powder gun with 7.62mm barrel. The effects of the type of fiber fabricated and projectile noses on the perforation and failure modes of laminated Kevlar were discussed. Comparing dynamic experimental results with those under quasi-static condition, both the perforation performance and the failure modes are related closely to the speed of penetrator. The quite difference between quasi-static and dynamic tests indicates that thick non-woven laminate targets are even better than woven laminates in resisting ballistic impact. It is observed that the failure area of the laminates is localized with the increasing of the impact velocity and the failure modes are more complex correspondingly. The shapes of projectile noses affect the impact resistance of laminated Kevlar significantly in the velocity range around the ballistic limit of the target.