西安市学龄前儿童生长发育状况及趋势研究

Study of the Physical Development and Its Trend of Preschool Children in Xi'an

目的 了解西安市学龄前儿童生长发育状况及趋势 ,以便为儿童生长发育的研究提供依据。方法 按照儿童体格检测方法测量身高、体重、坐高和胸围 4项指标。运用SPSS 1 1 .0统计软件进行统计分析 ,并与 1 985年同类资料进行纵向比较。结果 1 998年西安市学龄前儿童身体形态发育存在明显的城乡差异和性别差异 ,同一年龄各指标均值以城市男童为最高 ,乡村男童和城市女童居中 ,乡村女童最低。 1 3a纵向比较发现 ,西安市城乡学龄前儿童在 1 3a中均呈现生长发育长期增长趋势 ,乡村儿童的增长幅度超过城市儿童。结论 在今后的儿童保健工作中 ,应重点关注农村儿童 ,尤其是农村女童 ,这对于提高全民身体素质具有重要意义。

Objective To study the physical development and its trend of preschool children in Xi'an, and to provide basis for the research of children's development and growth. Method Cluster sampling method was applied to measure height, weight, sitting height and chest circumstance. Data were analyzed with SPSS 11.0 and compared with the same indices of 1985.Result There were significant differences of preschool children's physical development and growth between city and rural or male and female.The mean values of all parameters of urban boys were the highest among the same age children while those of rural girl were the lowest.Long-term increment of development and growth was found among pre-school children in this survey and the increment of children in rural was more than that of children in city.Conclusion It is important to improve the physical constitution of the rural children,especially the girls.