广州市高架路汽车废气对小学生健康的影响

Influence of the Waste Gas Emitted by Vehicles on the Viaduct on Pupils' Health in Guangzhou

目的 了解高架路汽车废气对小学生健康状况的影响 ,为城市修建机动车高架路的环境保护提供科学依据。方法 选择设在高架路边 2所小学的三年级和五年级学生 ,检测血清溶菌酶、IgG和IgM ,测定肺活量、记忆力、注意力等 ,并同时与远离马路、环境较好的另 2所小学学生作对照比较。结果 高架路附近小学生与清洁区小学生比较 ,免疫状况受不同程度的影响 ,尤其是血清溶菌酶水平显著下降 ;高架路附近小学生的肺活量高呼气流速也较清洁区小学生有所变化 ,暴露距离长的流速增加 ,短距离时间长的则相反。未发现小学生的记忆力和注意力出现明显改变。结论 高架路附近小学生暴露于汽车废气和噪声污染中 ,机体免疫状况受到不同程度抑制 ,肺功能也受到不同程度的影响 ,应引起有关部门的重视。

Objective To study the influence of the waste gason the pupils' health which emitted by vehicles on the viaduct, and to provide scientific basis for viaduct build and environment protection.Methods Pupils in grade 3 and 5 were chosen. Their serum bacteriolysin, IgG, IgM, vital capacity, memory and attention were evaluated. Students from another 2 primary schools were taken as control. Results Compared with pupils from cleaner area, pupils near the viaduct suffer a restraint of the immune system more or less, especially the level of serum bacteriolysin, another change is the maximum speed of the expiration, which increases when the distance between the school and the viaduct becomes longer. No changes were found in pupils' memory and attention. Conclusion It should be paid more attention that pupils near the viaduct suffer a restrain of the immune system and their vital capacity are affected at the same time.