椎动脉V1段的形态学特点及其临床意义

Morphologic characteristics of V1 segment of vertebral artery and its clinical significance

目的 :探讨椎动脉 V1段的形态学特点 ,为下颈部手术和椎动脉血管内治疗提供解剖学基础。方法 :对4 2具 (84侧 )动脉灌注红色乳胶的成人尸体观测椎动脉 V1段的起始、走行、长度、外径及进入横突孔的位置。结果 :84侧中 2侧左椎动脉起源于主动脉弓 (2 .4 % ) ;17侧起源于前上象限 (2 0 .7% ) ,6 5侧起源于后上象限(79.3% ) ;弯曲走行 30侧 (35 .7% ) ;椎动脉 V1段的长度 (mm) :左侧 37.8± 4 .9,右侧 36 .4± 5 .7;直径(m m) :左侧曲行组 4 .72± 0 .37,左侧直行组 4 .2 5± 0 .35 ,右侧曲行组 4 .35± 0 .4 1,右侧直行组 3.95± 0 .38。结论 :椎动脉 V1段的形态变异较大 ,但起始和入横突孔处位置相对比较稳定。

Objective To explore the morphologic characteristics of V1 segment of vertebral artery in order to provide anatomic fundamental data for surgery in lower neck and endovascular treatment for vertebral artery. Methods Forty-two adult aseptic cadavers (84 sides) whose arteries affused with red latex were used for observing and measuring the origin, course, length, outerdiameter of V1 segment of vertebral artery and the place through which it entered transversal foramen. Results Two left vertebral arteries origined from aortic arch(2.4%), 17 sides origined from anterosuperior quadrant(20.7%), 65 sides origined from posterosuperior(79.3%), 30 sides showed tortuosities(35.7%) in their courses. Average lengthes of V1 segment of vertebral artery were (37.8±4.9)mm on left and (36.4±5.7)mm on right. The outerdiameters in left contorted course group, left straight course group, right contorted course group and right straight course group were (4.72±0.37), (4.25±0.35), (4.35±0.41), and (3.95±0.38)mm, respectively. Conclusion V1 segments of vertebral artery show many morphologic variations,but the locations of its origin and end are more steady.