腹膜炎大鼠肥大细胞及间皮的形态变化

Morphological changes of mast cell and mesothelium during peritonitis in rat

目的 :探讨腹膜炎大鼠间皮细胞的形态变化和肥大细胞的作用。方法 :将粪汁注入大鼠腹腔 ,制成腹膜炎模型。注射后第 1、2、3、4h取肠系膜铺片 ,硫堇染色 ,光镜观察肥大细胞的数量和形态。间皮细胞的形态做了扫描电镜观察。结果 :在腹膜炎的第 1～ 4h ,5mm2 肠系膜内可辨认的肥大细胞总数由平均 3 7.7个减至平均 1 3 .7个 ;正在脱颗粒的肥大细胞 ,由平均 1个增至 2 0 .8个 ;核周有少数颗粒的裸核肥大细胞由无增至平均 6.1个。间皮细胞的损伤随腹膜炎的发展而加重。结论 :肥大细胞释放活性物质 ,以速发超敏反应参与腹膜炎的病理过程 ,早期减少腹膜间皮表面积 ,减少毒素吸收 ;晚期加速腹膜间皮破坏 。

Objective: To explore the effect of mast cells and morphological changes of mesothelium during the peritonitis in rats Methods: Excrement was injected into the abdominal cavities of 20 rats to create the model of the peritonitis and the rats were divided into 4 groups randomly.The samples of the mesentery were taken 1 h,2 h,3 h and 4 h after injection.The whole mount of spread mesentery were made and stained with thionine ehrlich to observe the morphology and the number of the mast cells with light microscope.The morphology of the mesothelial cells during peritonitis were also observed with SEM.Results: During lst to 4th hour of the peritonitis,the total of the mast cells in 5 mm 2 of mesentery decreased to a mean of 13.7 from 37.7; the mast cells which were under degranulation increased from 1 to 20.8 and those of naked nucleus increased from zero to a mean of 6.1.The injury to mesothelial cells was aggravated with the development of peritonitis. Conclusion: The bioactive substances released by mast cells may take part in the pathological course of the peritonitis by way of immediate allergy.At the early stage, immediate allergy reduces the toxin absorption due to decrease in the surface area of the peritoneal mesothelium,but at later stage,the increase in the toxin absorption may be due to the destruction of the peritoneal mesothelium.