复述障碍的起因初探

Preliminary origins of repetition deficits

目的:通过探讨两例汉语传导性复述障碍者的病因,来进一步揭示复述障碍的特点及其理论,从而为其临床诊断和康复治疗提供更丰富的客观依据。方法:以两例复述障碍个案为研究对象,采用了3组典型的认知测验:语音理解和再认测验、口语输出测验和短时记忆测验,分别考察患者的语音内部加工、语音产生和短时记忆能力。结果:两例患者在语音理解和再认测验中的成绩均达到正常水平,其中1例在所有口语输出任务中都存在认知缺陷(正确率为54%～75%),但短时记忆正常(记忆广度值为3～8)。而另外一例的非词复述(正确率为62%)和短时记忆能力(记忆广度值为1或2)都严重受损,但在其他口语输出任务中缺陷不明显(正确率为92%～100%)。结论:复述障碍存在不同类型的起因;本文报道的两例个案的发病原因分别为语音输出后期的加工缺陷和短时记忆缺陷。

AIM:To explore the characteristics and theories of repetition deficits,based on investigating the causes of repetition deficits of two Chinese patients with conduction aphasia,and provide more rich objective proof for clinical diagnosis and rehabilitation therapy. METHODS:Two patients with repetition deficits were required to administrate three typical cognitive tests.The tests were phonological comprehension,recognition test,spoken output test, and short memory test,which investigated the patients' capacity of phonological inner processing,phonological production and short memory,respectively. RESULTS:The score of phonological comprehension and recognition test reached normally in the two patients.One patient presented the difficulty in all spoken output tasks(corrective rate 54%to 75%),but the short memory capacity was normal(memory span 3 to 8).And another patient was severely deficited in repeating non-words(corrective rate 62%) and short memory capacity(memory span 1 to 2),but cognitive limitation in other phonological output tasks was not obvious(corrective rate 92%to 100%). CONLUSION:Many different origins exist in repetition deficits.The origins of the deficits of these two patients in the current study are the impairment at later phonological processing stage,and breakdown for short memory capacity,respectively.