硫芥诱导小鼠染色体畸变和微核形成作用的研究

Chromosomal aberration and micronucleus formation induced by sulfur mustard

目的 研究硫芥对中国仓鼠肺成纤维细胞 (chinesehamsterfibroblastcellline ,CHL)染色体的诱变作用及对小鼠骨髓微核率的影响。方法 培养CHL细胞 (±S9) ,以不同浓度硫芥处理 2 4h后常规方法制备染色体 ,观察畸变类型并计算畸变率。KM小白鼠皮下注射硫芥染毒 ,2 4h后处死动物 ,取双侧股骨 ,行骨髓涂片和姬姆萨染色 ,计数含微核嗜多染红细胞(polychromaticerythrocyte ,PCE)数。结果 硫芥处理的CHL细胞染色体畸变率显著增加 ,出现裂隙、断裂、缺失、多倍体等多种类型畸变 ,并呈量效依赖趋势。S9不影响硫芥诱导的CHL细胞染色体畸变形式和畸变率。与对照组比较 ,注射硫芥小鼠骨髓PCE微核率显著增加 (P <0 .0 1) ,硫芥剂量越大 ,微核形成率越高。结论 硫芥能直接诱发细胞染色体损伤。

Objective To study the effects of sulfur mustard on chromosomal aberration in Chinese hamster fibroblast cell line (CHL cells) and the micronucleus (MN) frequency in the bone marrow cells of mice. Methods CHL cells (with and without S9) treated with different concentrations of sulfur mustard for 24 h were harvested for the preparation of chromosome. Subsequently, the frequency and the type of chromosomal aberration were examined. The KM mice were sacrificed at 24 h after subcutaneous injection of sulfur mustard. The number of micronuclei-containing polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs) was counted by means of bone marrow smear and Giemsa staining. Results Sulfur mustard might increase the chromosomal aberration frequency of CHL cell in a dose-dependent manner. S9 had no effects on the classificaiton and the frequency of chromosomal aberration. The types of chromosomal aberration included gap, break, deletion, polyploid, and so on. Compared with that in the control group, the MN ratio in every group increased significantly (P<0.01). The MN frequency was associated with the concentration of sulfur mustard in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion Sulfur mustard can directly induce chromosome damage.