污染物的原位生物处理—生物清消技术

BIOREMEDIATION: BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF CONTAMINANTS IN-SITU

生物清消技术是一种迅速发展的污染物处理的生物技术,用于处理分散在土壤、地下水、海洋和湖泊中的污染物。生物清消技术通过向环境供给营养物、共作基质和供氧,并依靠有机污染物自身的碳源促进天然微生物群体的生长繁殖,也可进一步向污染环境中补充在实验中筛选和增殖的微生物(强化技术)稳定和加速生物降解过程。本文介绍了生物清消的几种方法:生物促进法、生物耕作法、固相清消法、土壤堆制法、生物泥浆法,还介绍了强化技术应用的几个方面。

Bioremediation is the rapid growing of biotechnolOgy for degrading contaminants dispersed in soil, groundwater, ocean and lake. The techniques begin with enhancing the growth of natural microbial populations at Contaminated site through the Constrolled introduction of nutrients,Co-substrates and oxygen. The addition of laboratory-selected enrichment isolates (angmentation) has stabilized and accelerated the biodegradation process in many case. Bioremediation techniques including biostimulation, biofarming,solid-phase bioremediation solid composting, bioslurry etc, are reviewed and microbial angmentation is also discussed in detail.