海南省SARS流行影响因素与血清流行病学调查研究

Factors affecting SARS epidemic and seroepidemiology survey in Hainan Province

目的 调查确定海南省SARS的发生情况以及探讨环境因素对SARS流行的影响。 方法 建立发热病例监测系统 ,收集发热病人的有关信息 ;回顾性调查 2 0 0 1～ 2 0 0 2年海南省非典型肺炎的流行病学特征 ;采用EIA法检测SARS病毒感染高危人群IgG抗体 ;收集海南省近几年的气象、环境资料 ,分析环境因素对流行的影响。 结果 海南省 2 0 0 3年 4月～ 2 0 0 4年 4月报告发热病例 44 2 792例 ,其中SARS医学观察病例 78例 ,无死亡病例 ,经综合诊断后全部排除SARS。 2 0 0 1～ 2 0 0 2年全省 2 2家综合医院共诊断非典型肺炎病例 5 0 8例 ,无死亡病例 ,病例呈高度散发 ,其流行病学特征与SARS特征完全不同。采集海南省 5个不同居住环境中的SARS病毒感染高危人群、普通人群和流动人群及2 0 0 3年SARS医学观察人群共 14 5 1份血清标本 ,进行SARS病毒IgG抗体检测 ,结果均为阴性。 结论 海南省 2 0 0 3年前后未曾发生过SARS病例 ,这可能与海南省优良的生态环境。

Objective Whether SARS had taken place or not in Hainan province was confirmed by investigation and the effect of surrounding factors on SARS was studied. Methods Surveying system of pyrexia patients was established and the relevant information of pyrexia patients was collected. The epidemic situation of the atypical pneumonia was surveyed. The IgG antibody of SARS high risk crowd was detected by EIA tests. The information of weather and circumstances in several years was collected and the effect of surrounding factors on SARS was analyzed. Results There were 442,792 pyrexia cases reported from April 2003 to April 2004 in Hainan province, in which 78 cases were medical observation cases and the case fatality rate was zero.SARS was eliminated by synthetic diagnosis in every case. There were 508 atypical pneumonia cases in 22 hospital in 2001-2002,in which there were no death cases. These cases were sporatic and the epidemiological features of SARS have not found. 1451 serum samples were collected from SARS high risk crowd, common crowd, temporary dwellers and medical observation cases of 2003 in five different housing condition. The IgG antibody of SARS virus was detected in these samples and the results of these tests was negative. Conclusion The result suggested there were no SARS cases in Hainan about 2003. It can be to owe to good ecological environment, high quality air and relative high intensity sun's rays in Hainan province.