抗感染药所致过敏性休克分析

Analysis of Allergic Shock Induced by Anti-infective Drugs

目的 :探讨抗感染药物引起过敏性休克的特点和规律 ,以预防或减少其发生 ,促进临床合理用药。方法 :通过中国医院数字图书馆的CHKD期刊知识库检索 1 998年～ 2 0 0 3年收载的中文医药卫生期刊报道的抗感染药过敏性休克个案 ,对文献资料进行整理、汇总 ,并进行分析。结果 :青霉素类、头孢菌素类的过敏性休克发生率及死亡率居前 2位 ,静脉用药发生率 (6 6 1 7%)最高 ,速发型过敏性休克占了相当大的比例 (6 9 1 5 %) ,过敏性休克与性别、年龄无关。结论 :严格用药指征 ,用药前详细询问过敏史 ,密切观察用药后反应 ,确保用药安全。

OBJECTIVE: To study the characteristics and regularities of allergic shock induced by anti-infective drugs so as to prevent or reduce the occurrence and promote the rational use of drugs. METHODS: The case reports of allergic shock induced by anti-infective drugs were collected by the Chinese medical and health journals during the period of 1998～2003 through CHKD of the Chinese hospital digital library. The literatures were arranged,got together, reviewed and analyzed. RESULTS: The incidence and mortality of allergic shock induced by benzylpenicillins and cephalosporins were in the first two places in rank, the highest incidence occurred in intravenous use of the drugs (66.17%); immediate allergic shock accounted for great proportion (69.15%), allergic shock induced by anti-infective drugs was not related with sex and age. CONCLUSION: The indications must be under strict control,anaphylactogenesis history should be inquired in detail before the use, the reactions after using drugs must be closely observed so as to guarantee the safety of the drug use.