城市土壤污染研究现状与趋势

Status quo and trend of urban soil contamination research

城市土壤是城市生态环境系统的有机组成部分 ,对城市的可持续发展有着重要的意义。城市化和工业化进程的加快 ,造成城市土壤污染、侵蚀、酸化和硬化以及土壤生物和植被退化等一系列较为严重的城市环境问题 ,直接危及到城市居民的健康和安全 ;因此 ,城市土壤污染问题已经引起人们的高度重视。近 10多年来 ,国内外有关城市土壤重金属污染 ,微有机物污染 ,生源要素污染和城市土壤污染的环境与健康风险评价等诸多研究取得了一系列的研究成果。本文主要就以上研究成果进行了较为系统地总结与阐述 ,并且在此基础上提出了今后有关城市土壤污染研究的发展重点与趋势 。

The present paper aims to give a general survey of the status quo and trends of the urban soil contamination research in China in recent years. As is known, urban soil is one of the essential constituent parts of research that has had an important effect on the urban sustainable development. So the problems of urban soil contaminations have been paid more and more attention. During the last decade, the studies concerning the heavy metal pollution, organic pollution and biogenic pollution of surface soils in the urban areas, have been conducted around the world. However, large urban areas are seriously contaminated with concentrations of pollutants. These research results could systemically provide important scientific proofs of urban ecological environment quality. Since soil contaminations in urban environment are attached with more and more concern among the international scientific communities, the recent trends and emphases in research have been put on such issues as the conception and kinds of urban soil contaminations, the research about the combined pollution of urban soil, thirdly, remediation technologies, especially bioremediation technologies, the last but not the least environmental management policy.