试论国民政府基层组织——区署建制在四川的推行及其影响

Primary Organization of National Government—The Practice of District Organizational System and its Influence in Sichuan

县政府下设区级组织———区署 ,是民国时期出现的一个重要行政机关 ,由于各地传统和社会千差万别 ,县以下区级机构的设立各有殊异。四川于 1935年 2月成立新的省政府 ,从形式上消除防区制 ,以后随着中央势力的渗入而逐步纳入国民政府“统一行政”改革范围之内 ,其中县以下区署建制的推行较为到位 ,该机构增设后在地方行政扩权进程中发挥了有效协办作用 ,成为国统区基层政治“官僚化”标志之一。

District, a branch unit of county, is an important administrative organization in the Republican period in China, whose instauration varies from place to place because of different traditions and social facts. The new Sichuan provincial government is set up in February 1935 and the defense area system is cancelled in form. After this, Sichuan comes under 'The Uniform Administration' of National Government gradually with the pervasion of central influence. District organizational system below County follows out very well, which plays the most directly concurrent role in the extension of local administrative power. It is one of the signs which indicate the officialization of skeleton politics in the reigning district of Kuomintang.