颜元的豪杰人格及其现代意义

Yan-yuan's Perfect Personality and it's Modern Significance

理想人格是儒家哲学所关注的根本问题。醇儒作为宋明儒者理想的人格典范,盛行于其时,它过分偏重内在德性的涵养,忽视外王层面的工夫,因而鲜有经世之材。清初学者颜元一反其道,主张回归周孔正学,力倡事物之学,把价值观的重心转移到了外王层面,据此树立起一种以经世致用为特征和归宿的豪杰人格。此种人格以智、仁、勇为必备要素,具有经验性、实践性和有用性三大特征,谓专于一技则不失为豪杰,它对于现代人类面临的诸多人生和社会问题具有重要的指导意义。

Perfect personality was the prime issue focused on by Confucianism. Pure Confucianism, the perfect personality of Song-Ming Confucianism, could not cultivate persons with ability because it regarded inherent self-restraint but neglected utility. Whereas, Yan_yuan claimed to regress the primal Confucianism and advocated practical learning. So he transfered the barycenter of value to exterior cause and built up practical hero with ability. This hero had essential elements as wisdom, benevolence and bravery. It also had three characters as empiricism, practicality and serviceability. Yan_yuan said a person who had speciality could be called a hero. This hero can direct people in modern times to settle some problems about life and society.