反切行为与反切原则

Fanqie behaviour and Fanqie principles

《切韵》研究应该以反切作为出发点。但是,由于对反切行为的研究不充分,《切韵》音系的一些基本特点与反切系联的结果似乎会有不一致的地方。本文以《王三》的反切作为基本材料,从反切行为中总结出最基本的反切原则,对声、韵、介音与反切上下字的基本关系作出一致性的解释,同时从这些原则出发讨论了重纽、主元音与韵目的关系、《切韵》性质,以及若干韵母的构拟等问题。

The study of Qieyun must be based on Fanqie.But,owing to the insufficiency in research on the Fanqie behaviour,some basic features of Qieyun seem to disagree with the result of phono- logical stringing of characters used in Fanqie.Based mainly on the materials of Fanqie reflected in the Wang San versions of Qieyun,this paper sheds new light on the Fanqie behaviour and sums up key Fanqie principles from Fanqie behaviour,thus offering a consistent explanation of the rela- tionship between the two characters in Fanqie at one side and the initial,final,medial in Qieyun at the other side.By those principles the paper also discusses some issues in Qieyun,such as Chongniu,the relationship between main vowels and rhyme items,attributes of Qieyun and the reconstruction of some Middle Chinese finals.