潍坊市区近10年空气质量与气象条件的关系

Urban Air Quality and Meteorological Conditions in Weifang, Shandong for Last Ten Years

运用潍坊市环境监测中心站 1 993～ 2 0 0 2年的潍坊市区空气质量逐日监测资料与潍坊市气象局气象观测资料 ,分析了 1 0年间潍坊市区空气质量的时空特征、变化趋势及与气象条件的关系。结果表明 ,在影响潍坊市区空气质量的主要三种污染物———二氧化硫 (SO2 )、氮氧化物 (NOX)和总悬浮颗粒 (TSP)中总悬浮颗粒是首要污染物 ;三种污染物随季节的分布规律是 :冬半年 ( 1 1～ 4月 )偏多 ,夏半年 ( 5～ 1 0月 )偏少 ;三种污染物的变化趋势是随年代减少 ,年减少率SO2 为 0 0 0 54mg·m- 3,NOX 为0 0 0 1 6mg·m- 3,TSP为 0 0 0 6 2mg·m- 3。按国家标准分级 ,空气质量 3级以上 (API>1 0 0 )的日数占 33 5% ,年递减率为 5 96天。针对市区空气质量特征又重点分析了混合层高度、雾与其它天气现象 (烟尘、浮尘、扬沙 )与空气污染的关系。

Based on the monitoring data of everyday air quality of Weifang Environmental Monitoring Center and the observations of Weifang Meteorological Bureau from 1993 to 2002, the temporal-spatial characteristics, the variation tendency of the urban air quality and their relations with the meteorological conditions are analyzed. Results indicate that the TSP is concluded as the primary pollutant in those three matters (SO 2, NO X and TSP, which affect the urban air quality of Weifang), those three matters are more in the winter half year and less in the summer half year, and their densities have decreased with years. According to the grading of National Unified Standard, the air quality grades of 33 5% of the days are above the third grade ( API >100) ,which decrease 5 96 days per annum. In accordance with the urban air quality, the relationships between the height of the mixed layer, fog and the other weather phenomenon (soot, floating dust and flying sand) and the air pollution are analyzed.