疾病病因学研究常用的方法与设计

The protocol and design of etiological study

临床医师对疾病的正确诊断和有效的防治措施,主要根据对疾病病因的深刻认知。在人类社会发展过程中,有些疾病已被人们成功地控制,是由于对其病因和发病机制的充分了解;而另一些新的疾病不断出现,因此,需要我们采用正确的设计对其病因进行研究,以期取得良好的诊治效果。这方面的基础知识对临床医师颇为重要,本文结合口腔常见病——龋病病因研究的实例进行扼要的阐述。

An accurate diagnosis and effective treatment are based on deep insight into the etiology of a disease. With the development of society, some diseases have been controlled successfully since their cause and mechanism are well understood, but a few more new diseases arose. It is necessary to study them by a proper design for establishing a correct diagnosis and effective therapy. The basic knowledge is rather important for clinicians. This paper introduces the commonly used protocol and design of etiological study with an example of the study on caries etiology.