从郊天与封禅看玉器在古代国家宗法政治中的地位

IMPORTANCE OF JADE CARVING IN ANCIENT CHINA'S PATRIARCHAL CLAN SYSTEM FROM VIEW OF SACRIFICES TO HEAVEN AND IN MOUNT TAI

为了进一步了解中国远古玉文化在古代国家宗法政治中的作用和地位 ,从历代礼祭活动中遴选出两个重要礼典——郊天和封禅 ,详细阐述了郊天与封禅礼祭中的用玉礼制 ,并分析了玉器在宗法政治中发挥的重要作用。指出中国远古玉文化与中国古代国家统治理论有着不可分割的依存关系 。

In order to make a further understanding of the funtion and position of antique jade culture of China in ancient nation's politics,two important memorial ceremonies has been chosen from the ceremonies past dynasties,namely Jiaotian (offering a sacrifice to Heaven) and FengChan (Feng means to climb Mount Tai setting altar and offering sacrifice to Heaven while Chan means offering sacrifice to Land in south of the Mount).The jade-using ceremony system of Jiaotian and FengChan was exponded and the importance of jade carving in patriarchal clan system was analyzed.It is pointed out that the antique jade culture had an impartible dependent relationship with ancient China's national ruling theory,which takes a very important historical position in Chinese national culture.